Crossing the Red Sea

Exodus 14

1 Then the Lord said to Moses, 2 "Tell the people of Israel to t turn back and encamp in front of Pi-hahiroth, between u Migdol and the sea, in front of Baal-zephon; you shall encamp facing it, by the sea. 3 For Pharaoh will say of the people of Israel, 'They are wandering in the land; the wilderness has shut them in.' 4 And v I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and he will pursue them, and I will w get glory over Pharaoh and all his host, x and the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord." And they did so.

5 When the king of Egypt was told that the people had fled, the y mind of Pharaoh and his servants was changed toward the people, and they said, "What is this we have done, that we have let Israel go from serving us?" 6 So he made ready his chariot and took his army with him, 7 and took z six hundred chosen chariots and all the other chariots of Egypt with officers over all of them. 8 And v the Lord hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he pursued the people of Israel while a the people of Israel were going out defiantly. 9 The b Egyptians pursued them, all Pharaoh's horses and chariots and his horsemen and his army, and overtook them c encamped at the sea, by Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon.

10 When Pharaoh drew near, the people of Israel lifted up their eyes, and behold, the Egyptians were marching after them, and they feared greatly. And the people of Israel d cried out to the Lord. 11 They e said to Moses, "Is it because there are no graves in Egypt that you have taken us away to die in the wilderness? What have you done to us in bringing us out of Egypt? 12 Is not this what f we said to you in Egypt: 'Leave us alone that we may serve the Egyptians'? For it would have been better for us to serve the Egyptians than to die in the wilderness." 13 And Moses said to the people, g "Fear not, stand firm, and see the salvation of the Lord, which he will work for you today. For h the Egyptians whom you see today, you shall never see again. 14 i The Lord will fight for you, and you have only j to be silent."

15 The Lord said to Moses, "Why do you cry to me? Tell the people of Israel to go forward. 16 k Lift up your staff, and k stretch out your hand over the sea and divide it, that the people of Israel may go through the sea on dry ground. 17 And l I will harden the hearts of the Egyptians so that they shall go in after them, and m I will get glory over Pharaoh and all his host, his chariots, and his horsemen. 18 And the Egyptians n shall know that I am the Lord, m when I have gotten glory over Pharaoh, his chariots, and his horsemen."

19 o Then the angel of God who was going before the host of Israel moved and went behind them, and the pillar of cloud moved from before them and stood behind them, 20 coming between the host of Egypt and the host of Israel. And there was the cloud and the darkness. And it lit up the night 1 without one coming near the other all night.

21 Then Moses k stretched out his hand over the sea, and the Lord drove the sea back by p a strong east wind all night and q made the sea dry land, and the waters were r divided. 22 And s the people of Israel went into the midst of the sea on dry ground, the waters being t a wall to them on their right hand and on their left. 23 The Egyptians pursued and went in after them into the midst of the sea, all Pharaoh's horses, his chariots, and his horsemen. 24 And in the morning watch the Lord in the pillar of fire and of cloud looked down on the Egyptian forces and threw the Egyptian forces into a panic, 25 clogging 2 their chariot wheels so that they drove heavily. And the Egyptians said, "Let us flee from before Israel, for the u Lord fights for them against the Egyptians."

26 Then the Lord said to Moses, v "Stretch out your hand over the sea, that the water may come back upon the Egyptians, upon their chariots, and upon their horsemen." 27 w So Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and the sea x returned to its normal course when the morning appeared. And as the Egyptians fled into it, the Lord y threw 3 the Egyptians into the midst of the sea. 28 The z waters returned and covered the chariots and the horsemen; of all the host of Pharaoh that had followed them into the sea, a not one of them remained. 29 But the b people of Israel walked on dry ground through the sea, the waters being a wall to them on their right hand and on their left.

30 Thus the Lord c saved Israel that day from the hand of the Egyptians, and Israel saw the Egyptians dead on the seashore. 31 d Israel saw the great power that the Lord used against the Egyptians, so the people feared the Lord, and they e believed in the Lord and in his servant Moses.

  1. Cross References
    Exodus 13:18
    But God led the people around by the way of the wilderness toward the Red Sea. And the people of Israel went up out of the land of Egypt equipped for battle.
    Exodus 13:20
    And they moved on from Succoth and encamped at Etham, on the edge of the wilderness.
    Numbers 33:7 - 8
    And they set out from Etham and turned back to Pi-hahiroth, which is east of Baal-zephon, and they camped before Migdol.
  2. Cross References
    Jeremiah 44:1
    The word that came to Jeremiah concerning all the Judeans who lived in the land of Egypt, at Migdol, at Tahpanhes, at Memphis, and in the land of Pathros.
  3. Cross References
    Exodus 4:21
    And the Lord said to Moses, "When you go back to Egypt, see that you do before Pharaoh all the miracles that I have put in your power. But I will harden his heart, so that he will not let the people go.
  4. Cross References
    Romans 9:17
    For the Scripture says to Pharaoh, "For this very purpose I have raised you up, that I might show my power in you, and that my name might be proclaimed in all the earth.
    Romans 9:22 - 23
    What if God, desiring to show his wrath and to make known his power, has endured with much patience vessels of wrath prepared for destruction.
    Exodus 9:16
    But for this purpose I have raised you up, to show you my power, so that my name may be proclaimed in all the earth.
  5. Cross References
    Exodus 7:5
    The Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord, when I stretch out my hand against Egypt and bring out the people of Israel from among them.
  6. Cross References
    Psalms 105:25
    He turned their hearts to hate his people, to deal craftily with his servants.
  7. Cross References
    Exodus 15:4
    Pharaoh's chariots and his host he cast into the sea, and his chosen officers were sunk in the Red Sea.
    Isaiah 31:1
    Woe to those who go down to Egypt for help and rely on horses, who trust in chariots because they are many and in horsemen because they are very strong, but do not look to the Holy One of Israel or consult the Lord!
  8. Cross References
    Exodus 14:4
    And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and he will pursue them, and I will get glory over Pharaoh and all his host, and the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord." And they did so.
  9. Cross References
    Exodus 6:1
    But the Lord said to Moses, "Now you shall see ...
    Exodus 13:3
    Then Moses said to the people, "Remember this d...
    Exodus 13:9
    And it shall be to you as a sign on your hand a...
    Exodus 13:16
    It shall be as a mark on your hand or frontlets...
    Numbers 33:3
    They set out from Rameses in the first month, o...
    Deuteronomy 26:8
    And the Lord brought us out of Egypt with a mig...
    Acts 13:17
    The God of this people Israel chose our fathers...
    Exodus 3:19
    But I know that the king of Egypt will not let ...
  10. Cross References
    Exodus 15:9
    The enemy said, 'I will pursue, I will overtake, I will divide the spoil, my desire shall have its fill of them. I will draw my sword; my hand shall destroy them.
    Joshua 24:6
    'Then I brought your fathers out of Egypt, and you came to the sea. And the Egyptians pursued your fathers with chariots and horsemen to the Red Sea.
  11. Cross References
    Exodus 14:2
    Tell the people of Israel to turn back and encamp in front of Pi-hahiroth, between Migdol and the sea, in front of Baal-zephon; you shall encamp facing it, by the sea.
  12. Cross References
    Joshua 24:7
    And when they cried to the Lord, he put darkness between you and the Egyptians and made the sea come upon them and cover them; and your eyes saw what I did in Egypt. And you lived in the wilderness a long time.
    Nehemiah 9:9
    And you saw the affliction of our fathers in Egypt and heard their cry at the Red Sea.
  13. Cross References
    Psalms 106:7
    Our fathers, when they were in Egypt, did not consider your wondrous works; they did not remember the abundance of your steadfast love, but rebelled by the sea, at the Red Sea.
    Exodus 13:17
    When Pharaoh let the people go, God did not lead them by way of the land of the Philistines, although that was near. For God said, "Lest the people change their minds when they see war and return to Egypt.
  14. Cross References
    Exodus 5:21
    And they said to them, "The Lord look on you and judge, because you have made us stink in the sight of Pharaoh and his servants, and have put a sword in their hand to kill us.
    Exodus 6:9
    Moses spoke thus to the people of Israel, but they did not listen to Moses, because of their broken spirit and harsh slavery.
  15. Cross References
    2 Chronicles 20:15
    And he said, "Listen, all Judah and inhabitants of Jerusalem and King Jehoshaphat: Thus says the Lord to you, 'Do not be afraid and do not be dismayed at this great horde, for the battle is not yours but God's.
    2 Chronicles 20:17
    You will not need to fight in this battle. Stand firm, hold your position, and see the salvation of the Lord on your behalf, O Judah and Jerusalem.' Do not be afraid and do not be dismayed. Tomorrow go out against them, and the Lord will be with you.
    Isaiah 41:10
    Fear not, for I am with you; be not dismayed, for I am your God; I will strengthen you, I will help you, I will uphold you with my righteous right hand.
    Isaiah 41:13 - 14
    For I, the Lord your God, hold your right hand; it is I who say to you, "Fear not, I am the one who helps you.
  16. Cross References
    Exodus 14:30
    Thus the Lord saved Israel that day from the hand of the Egyptians, and Israel saw the Egyptians dead on the seashore.
  17. Cross References
    Exodus 14:25
    Clogging their chariot wheels so that they drov...
    Deuteronomy 1:30
    The Lord your God who goes before you will hims...
    Deuteronomy 3:22
    You shall not fear them, for it is the Lord you...
    Deuteronomy 20:4
    For the Lord your God is he who goes with you t...
    Joshua 10:14
    There has been no day like it before or since, ...
    Joshua 10:42
    And Joshua captured all these kings and their l...
    Joshua 23:3
    And you have seen all that the Lord your God ha...
    2 Chronicles 20:15
    And he said, "Listen, all Judah and inhabitants...
    2 Chronicles 20:29
    And the fear of God came on all the kingdoms of...
    Nehemiah 4:20
    In the place where you hear the sound of the tr...
  18. Cross References
    Isaiah 30:15
    For thus said the Lord God, the Holy One of Israel, "In returning and rest you shall be saved; in quietness and in trust shall be your strength." But you were unwilling.
  19. Cross References
    Exodus 7:19
    And the Lord said to Moses, "Say to Aaron, 'Take your staff and stretch out your hand over the waters of Egypt, over their rivers, their canals, and their ponds, and all their pools of water, so that they may become blood, and there shall be blood throughout all the land of Egypt, even in vessels of wood and in vessels of stone.'
  20. Cross References
    Exodus 7:19
    And the Lord said to Moses, "Say to Aaron, 'Take your staff and stretch out your hand over the waters of Egypt, over their rivers, their canals, and their ponds, and all their pools of water, so that they may become blood, and there shall be blood throughout all the land of Egypt, even in vessels of wood and in vessels of stone.
  21. Cross References
    Exodus 14:4
    And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and he will pursue them, and I will get glory over Pharaoh and all his host, and the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord." And they did so.
    Exodus 14:8
    And the Lord hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he pursued the people of Israel while the people of Israel were going out defiantly.
  22. Cross References
    Exodus 14:4
    And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and he will pursue them, and I will get glory over Pharaoh and all his host, and the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord." And they did so.
  23. Cross References
    Exodus 7:5
    The Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord, when I stretch out my hand against Egypt and bring out the people of Israel from among them.
  24. Cross References
    Exodus 14:17
    And I will harden the hearts of the Egyptians so that they shall go in after them, and I will get glory over Pharaoh and all his host, his chariots, and his horsemen.
  25. Cross References
    Exodus 23:20
    Behold, I send an angel before you to guard you on the way and to bring you to the place that I have prepared.
    Exodus 32:34
    But now go, lead the people to the place about which I have spoken to you; behold, my angel shall go before you. Nevertheless, in the day when I visit, I will visit their sin upon them.
    Numbers 20:16
    And when we cried to the Lord, he heard our voice and sent an angel and brought us out of Egypt. And here we are in Kadesh, a city on the edge of your territory.
    Isaiah 63:9
    In all their affliction he was afflicted, and the angel of his presence saved them; in his love and in his pity he redeemed them; he lifted them up and carried them all the days of old.
    Exodus 13:21
    And the Lord went before them by day in a pillar of cloud to lead them along the way, and by night in a pillar of fire to give them light, that they might travel by day and by night.
  26. Cross References
    Exodus 14:16
    Lift up your staff, and stretch out your hand over the sea and divide it, that the people of Israel may go through the sea on dry ground.
  27. Cross References
    Exodus 15:10
    You blew with your wind; the sea covered them; they sank like lead in the mighty waters.
  28. Cross References
    Psalms 66:6
    He turned the sea into dry land; they passed through the river on foot. There did we rejoice in him.
  29. Cross References
    Exodus 15:8
    At the blast of your nostrils the waters piled ...
    Nehemiah 9:11
    And you divided the sea before them, so that th...
    Psalms 74:13
    You divided the sea by your might; you broke th...
    Psalms 78:13
    He divided the sea and let them pass through it...
    Psalms 106:9
    He rebuked the Red Sea, and it became dry, and ...
    Psalms 114:3
    The sea looked and fled; Jordan turned back.
    Isaiah 51:10
    Was it not you who dried up the sea, the waters...
    Isaiah 63:12
    Who caused his glorious arm to go at the right ...
    Joshua 3:16
    The waters coming down from above stood and ros...
    Joshua 4:23
    For the Lord your God dried up the waters of th...
    Isaiah 10:26
    And the Lord of hosts will wield against them a...
    Isaiah 11:15 - 16
    And the Lord will utterly destroy the tongue of...
  30. Cross References
    Exodus 14:29
    But the people of Israel walked on dry ground t...
    Exodus 15:19
    For when the horses of Pharaoh with his chariot...
    Numbers 33:8
    And they set out from before Hahiroth and passe...
    Psalms 66:6
    He turned the sea into dry land; they passed th...
    Isaiah 63:13
    Who led them through the depths? Like a horse i...
    1 Corinthians 10:1
    For I want you to know, brothers, that our fath...
    Hebrews 11:29
    By faith the people crossed the Red Sea as on d...
    Psalms 77:19
    Your way was through the sea, your path through...
  31. Cross References
    Psalms 78:13
    He divided the sea and let them pass through it, and made the waters stand like a heap.
    Habakkuk 3:10
    The mountains saw you and writhed; the raging waters swept on; the deep gave forth its voice; it lifted its hands on high.
  32. Cross References
    Exodus 14:14
    The Lord will fight for you, and you have only to be silent.
  33. Cross References
    Exodus 14:16
    Lift up your staff, and stretch out your hand over the sea and divide it, that the people of Israel may go through the sea on dry ground.
    Exodus 14:21
    Then Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and the Lord drove the sea back by a strong east wind all night and made the sea dry land, and the waters were divided.
  34. Cross References
    Exodus 14:21
    Then Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and the Lord drove the sea back by a strong east wind all night and made the sea dry land, and the waters were divided.
  35. Cross References
    Joshua 4:18
    And when the priests bearing the ark of the covenant of the Lord came up from the midst of the Jordan, and the soles of the priests' feet were lifted up on dry ground, the waters of the Jordan returned to their place and overflowed all its banks, as before.
  36. Cross References
    Exodus 15:1
    Then Moses and the people of Israel sang this song to the Lord, saying, "I will sing to the Lord, for he has triumphed gloriously; the horse and his rider he has thrown into the sea.
    Exodus 15:7
    In the greatness of your majesty you overthrow your adversaries; you send out your fury; it consumes them like stubble.
    Deuteronomy 11:4
    And what he did to the army of Egypt, to their horses and to their chariots, how he made the water of the Red Sea flow over them as they pursued after you, and how the Lord has destroyed them to this day.
    Psalms 78:53
    He led them in safety, so that they were not afraid, but the sea overwhelmed their enemies.
    Hebrews 11:29
    By faith the people crossed the Red Sea as on dry land, but the Egyptians, when they attempted to do the same, were drowned.
  37. Cross References
    Habakkuk 3:8 - 13
    Was your wrath against the rivers, O Lord ? Was your anger against the rivers, or your indignation against the sea, when you rode on your horses, on your chariot of salvation?
  38. Cross References
    Psalms 106:11
    And the waters covered their adversaries; not one of them was left.
  39. Cross References
    Exodus 14:22
    And the people of Israel went into the midst of the sea on dry ground, the waters being a wall to them on their right hand and on their left.
  40. Cross References
    Psalms 106:8
    Yet he saved them for his name's sake, that he might make known his mighty power.
    Psalms 106:10
    So he saved them from the hand of the foe and redeemed them from the power of the enemy.
  41. Cross References
    Psalms 92:9 - 11
    For behold, your enemies, O Lord, for behold, your enemies shall perish; all evildoers shall be scattered.
    Exodus 14:13
    And Moses said to the people, "Fear not, stand firm, and see the salvation of the Lord, which he will work for you today. For the Egyptians whom you see today, you shall never see again.
  42. Cross References
    Psalms 106:12
    Then they believed his words; they sang his praise.
    John 2:11
    This, the first of his signs, Jesus did at Cana in Galilee, and manifested his glory. And his disciples believed in him.
    John 11:45
    Many of the Jews therefore, who had come with Mary and had seen what he did, believed in him.
English Standard Version (ESV) The Holy Bible, English Standard Version Copyright © 2001 by Crossway Bibles, a division of Good News Publishers.
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