Leviticus 11

Clean and Unclean Animals

1 And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying to them, 2 "Speak to the people of Israel, saying, y These are the living things that you may eat among all the animals that are on the earth. 3 Whatever parts the hoof and is cloven-footed and chews the cud, among the animals, you may eat. 4 Nevertheless, among those that chew the cud or part the hoof, you shall not eat these: The camel, because it chews the cud but does not part the hoof, is unclean to you. 5 And the z rock badger, because it chews the cud but does not part the hoof, is unclean to you. 6 And the hare, because it chews the cud but does not part the hoof, is unclean to you. 7 And the pig, because it parts the hoof and is cloven-footed but does not chew the cud, a is unclean to you. 8 You shall not eat any of their flesh, and you shall not touch their carcasses; they are unclean to you.

9 "These you may eat, of all that are in the waters. Everything in the waters that has fins and scales, whether in the seas or in the rivers, you may eat. 10 But anything in the seas or the rivers that has not fins and scales, of the swarming creatures in the waters and of the living creatures that are in the waters, is b detestable to you. 11 You shall regard them as detestable; you shall not eat any of their flesh, and you shall detest their carcasses. 12 Everything in the waters that has not fins and scales is detestable to you.

13 "And these you shall detest among the birds; 1 they shall not be eaten; they are b detestable: c the eagle, 2 the bearded vulture, the black vulture, 14 the kite, d the falcon of any kind, 15 every raven of any kind, 16 the ostrich, the nighthawk, the sea gull, the e hawk of any kind, 17 the f little owl, the cormorant, the g short-eared owl, 18 the barn owl, the h tawny owl, the carrion vulture, 19 the stork, the heron of any kind, the hoopoe, and i the bat.

20 "All winged insects that go on all fours are detestable to you. 21 Yet among the winged insects that go on all fours you may eat those that have jointed legs above their feet, with which to hop on the ground. 22 Of them you may eat: j the locust of any kind, the bald locust of any kind, the cricket of any kind, and the grasshopper of any kind. 23 But all other winged insects that have four feet are detestable to you.

24 "And by these you shall become unclean. Whoever touches their carcass shall be unclean until the evening, 25 and whoever carries any part of their carcass k shall wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening. 26 Every animal that parts the hoof but is not cloven-footed or does not chew the cud is unclean to you. Everyone who touches them shall be unclean. 27 And all that walk on their paws, among the animals that go on all fours, are unclean to you. Whoever touches their carcass shall be unclean until the evening, 28 and he who carries their carcass k shall wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening; they are unclean to you.

29 "And these are unclean to you among the swarming things that swarm on the ground: the mole rat, l the mouse, the great lizard of any kind, 30 the gecko, the monitor lizard, the lizard, the sand lizard, and the chameleon. 31 These are unclean to you among all that swarm. Whoever touches them when they are dead shall be unclean until the evening. 32 And anything on which any of them falls when they are dead shall be unclean, whether it is an article of wood or a garment or a skin or a sack, any article that is used for any purpose. m It must be put into water, and it shall be unclean until the evening; then it shall be clean. 33 And if any of them falls into any earthenware vessel, all that is in it shall be unclean, and you n shall break it. 34 Any food in it that could be eaten, on which water comes, shall be unclean. And all drink that could be drunk from every such vessel shall be unclean. 35 And everything on which any part of their carcass falls shall be unclean. Whether oven or stove, it shall be broken in pieces. They are unclean and shall remain unclean for you. 36 Nevertheless, a spring or a cistern holding water shall be clean, but whoever touches a carcass in them shall be unclean. 37 And if any part of their carcass falls upon any seed grain that is to be sown, it is clean, 38 but if water is put on the seed and any part of their carcass falls on it, it is unclean to you.

39 "And if any animal which you may eat dies, whoever touches its carcass shall be unclean until the evening, 40 and o whoever eats of its carcass shall wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening. And whoever carries the carcass shall wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening.

41 p "Every swarming thing that swarms on the ground is detestable; it shall not be eaten. 42 Whatever goes on its belly, and whatever goes on all fours, or whatever has many feet, any swarming thing that swarms on the ground, you shall not eat, for they are detestable. 43 q You shall not make yourselves detestable with any swarming thing that swarms, and you shall not defile yourselves with them, and become unclean through them. 44 For I am the Lord your God. Consecrate yourselves therefore, and r be holy, for I am holy. q You shall not defile yourselves with any swarming thing that crawls on the ground. 45 s For I am the Lord who brought you up out of the land of Egypt to be your God. r You shall therefore be holy, for I am holy."

46 This is the law about beast and bird and every living creature that moves through the waters and every creature that swarms on the ground, 47 t to make a distinction between the unclean and the clean and between the living creature that may be eaten and the living creature that may not be eaten.

  1. Cross References
    Leviticus 11:1 - 47
    And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying t...
    Deuteronomy 14:3 - 20
    You shall not eat any abomination.
    Matthew 15:11
    It is not what goes into the mouth that defiles...
    Mark 7:15
    There is nothing outside a person that by going...
    Mark 7:18
    And he said to them, "Then are you also without...
    Acts 10:12 - 15
    In it were all kinds of animals and reptiles an...
    Acts 11:6 - 9
    Looking at it closely, I observed animals and b...
    Romans 14:14
    I know and am persuaded in the Lord Jesus that ...
    1 Corinthians 8:8
    Food will not commend us to God. We are no wors...
    Colossians 2:16
    Therefore let no one pass judgment on you in qu...
    Colossians 2:21
    "Do not handle, Do not taste, Do not touch"
    Hebrews 9:10
    But deal only with food and drink and various w...
  2. Cross References
    Psalms 104:18
    The high mountains are for the wild goats; the rocks are a refuge for the rock badgers.
    Proverbs 30:26
    The rock badgers are a people not mighty, yet they make their homes in the cliffs.
  3. Cross References
    Isaiah 65:4
    Who sit in tombs, and spend the night in secret places; who eat pig's flesh, and broth of tainted meat is in their vessels.
    Isaiah 66:3
    He who slaughters an ox is like one who kills a man; he who sacrifices a lamb, like one who breaks a dog's neck; he who presents a grain offering, like one who offers pig's blood; he who makes a memorial offering of frankincense, like one who blesses an idol. These have chosen their own ways, and their soul delights in their abominations.
    Isaiah 66:17
    Those who sanctify and purify themselves to go into the gardens, following one in the midst, eating pig's flesh and the abomination and mice, shall come to an end together, declares the Lord.
  4. Cross References
    Leviticus 7:21
    And if anyone touches an unclean thing, whether human uncleanness or an unclean beast or any unclean detestable creature, and then eats some flesh from the sacrifice of the Lord 's peace offerings, that person shall be cut off from his people.
  5. Cross References
    Leviticus 11:10
    But anything in the seas or the rivers that has not fins and scales, of the swarming creatures in the waters and of the living creatures that are in the waters, is detestable to you.
  6. Cross References
    Job 39:26
    Is it by your understanding that the hawk soars and spreads his wings toward the south?
    Job 39:30
    His young ones suck up blood, and where the slain are, there is he.
  7. Cross References
    Job 28:7
    That path no bird of prey knows, and the falcon's eye has not seen it.
  8. Cross References
    Job 39:26
    Is it by your understanding that the hawk soars and spreads his wings toward the south?
  9. Cross References
    Psalms 102:6
    I am like a desert owl of the wilderness, like an owl of the waste places.
  10. Cross References
    Isaiah 34:11
    But the hawk and the porcupine shall possess it, the owl and the raven shall dwell in it. He shall stretch the line of confusion over it, and the plumb line of emptiness.
  11. Cross References
    Psalms 102:6
    I am like a desert owl of the wilderness, like an owl of the waste places.
    Isaiah 34:11
    But the hawk and the porcupine shall possess it, the owl and the raven shall dwell in it. He shall stretch the line of confusion over it, and the plumb line of emptiness.
    Zephaniah 2:14
    Herds shall lie down in her midst, all kinds of beasts; even the owl and the hedgehog shall lodge in her capitals; a voice shall hoot in the window; devastation will be on the threshold; for her cedar work will be laid bare.
  12. Cross References
    Isaiah 2:20
    In that day mankind will cast away their idols of silver and their idols of gold, which they made for themselves to worship, to the moles and to the bats.
  13. Cross References
    Exodus 10:4
    For if you refuse to let my people go, behold, tomorrow I will bring locusts into your country.
    Joel 1:4
    What the cutting locust left, the swarming locust has eaten. What the swarming locust left, the hopping locust has eaten, and what the hopping locust left, the destroying locust has eaten.
    Matthew 3:4
    Now John wore a garment of camel's hair and a leather belt around his waist, and his food was locusts and wild honey.
    Mark 1:6
    Now John was clothed with camel's hair and wore a leather belt around his waist and ate locusts and wild honey.
  14. Cross References
    Leviticus 13:6
    And the priest shall examine him again on the s...
    Leviticus 13:34
    And on the seventh day the priest shall examine...
    Leviticus 14:8 - 9
    And he who is to be cleansed shall wash his clo...
    Leviticus 14:47
    And whoever sleeps in the house shall wash his ...
    Leviticus 15:5
    And anyone who touches his bed shall wash his c...
    Leviticus 16:26
    And he who lets the goat go to Azazel shall was...
    Leviticus 16:28
    And he who burns them shall wash his clothes an...
    Leviticus 17:15
    And every person who eats what dies of itself o...
    Numbers 19:10
    And the one who gathers the ashes of the heifer...
    Numbers 31:24
    You must wash your clothes on the seventh day, ...
  15. Cross References
    Leviticus 11:25
    And whoever carries any part of their carcass shall wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening.
  16. Cross References
    Isaiah 66:17
    Those who sanctify and purify themselves to go into the gardens, following one in the midst, eating pig's flesh and the abomination and mice, shall come to an end together, declares the Lord.
  17. Cross References
    Leviticus 15:12
    And an earthenware vessel that the one with the discharge touches shall be broken, and every vessel of wood shall be rinsed in water.
  18. Cross References
    Leviticus 6:28
    And the earthenware vessel in which it is boiled shall be broken. But if it is boiled in a bronze vessel, that shall be scoured and rinsed in water.
    Leviticus 15:12
    And an earthenware vessel that the one with the discharge touches shall be broken, and every vessel of wood shall be rinsed in water.
  19. Cross References
    Leviticus 17:15
    And every person who eats what dies of itself or what is torn by beasts, whether he is a native or a sojourner, shall wash his clothes and bathe himself in water and be unclean until the evening; then he shall be clean.
    Leviticus 22:8
    He shall not eat what dies of itself or is torn by beasts, and so make himself unclean by it: I am the Lord.
    Deuteronomy 14:21
    You shall not eat anything that has died naturally. You may give it to the sojourner who is within your towns, that he may eat it, or you may sell it to a foreigner. For you are a people holy to the Lord your God. "You shall not boil a young goat in its mother's milk.
    Ezekiel 4:14
    Then I said, "Ah, Lord God! Behold, I have never defiled myself. From my youth up till now I have never eaten what died of itself or was torn by beasts, nor has tainted meat come into my mouth.
    Ezekiel 44:31
    The priests shall not eat of anything, whether bird or beast, that has died of itself or is torn by wild animals.
  20. Cross References
    Leviticus 11:29
    And these are unclean to you among the swarming things that swarm on the ground: the mole rat, the mouse, the great lizard of any kind.
  21. Cross References
    Leviticus 20:25
    You shall therefore separate the clean beast from the unclean, and the unclean bird from the clean. You shall not make yourselves detestable by beast or by bird or by anything with which the ground crawls, which I have set apart for you to hold unclean.
  22. Cross References
    Leviticus 19:2
    Speak to all the congregation of the people of ...
    Leviticus 20:7
    Consecrate yourselves, therefore, and be holy, ...
    Leviticus 20:26
    You shall be holy to me, for I the Lord am holy...
    Leviticus 21:8
    You shall sanctify him, for he offers the bread...
    Exodus 19:6
    And you shall be to me a kingdom of priests and...
    1 Peter 1:16
    Since it is written, "You shall be holy, for I ...
    1 Thessalonians 4:7
    For God has not called us for impurity, but in ...
  23. Cross References
    Leviticus 11:43
    You shall not make yourselves detestable with any swarming thing that swarms, and you shall not defile yourselves with them, and become unclean through them.
  24. Cross References
    Exodus 6:7
    I will take you to be my people, and I will be your God, and you shall know that I am the Lord your God, who has brought you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians.
  25. Cross References
    Leviticus 11:44
    For I am the Lord your God. Consecrate yourselves therefore, and be holy, for I am holy. You shall not defile yourselves with any swarming thing that crawls on the ground.
  26. Cross References
    Leviticus 10:10
    You are to distinguish between the holy and the common, and between the unclean and the clean.
    Leviticus 20:25
    You shall therefore separate the clean beast from the unclean, and the unclean bird from the clean. You shall not make yourselves detestable by beast or by bird or by anything with which the ground crawls, which I have set apart for you to hold unclean.
English Standard Version (ESV) The Holy Bible, English Standard Version Copyright © 2001 by Crossway Bibles, a division of Good News Publishers.
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