Numbers 21

Arad Destroyed

1 When w the Canaanite, the king of Arad, who lived in x the Negeb, heard that Israel was coming by the way of Atharim, he fought against Israel, and took some of them captive. 2 y And Israel vowed a vow to the Lord and said, "If you will indeed give this people into my hand, then I will devote their cities to destruction." 1 3 And the Lord heeded the voice of Israel and gave over the Canaanites, and they devoted them and their cities to destruction. So the name of the place was called z Hormah. 2

The Bronze Serpent

4 From Mount Hor a they set out by the way to the Red Sea, b to go around the land of Edom. And the people became impatient on the way. 5 And the people c spoke against God and against Moses, d "Why have you brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness? For there is no food and no water, and e we loathe this worthless food." 6 f Then the Lord sent fiery serpents among the people, and g they bit the people, so that many people of Israel died. 7 h And the people came to Moses and said, "We have sinned, for we have spoken against the Lord and against you. i Pray to the Lord, that he take away the serpents from us." So Moses prayed for the people. 8 And the Lord said to Moses, "Make a fiery serpent and set it on a pole, and everyone who is bitten, when he sees it, shall live." 9 So j Moses made a bronze 3 serpent and set it on a pole. And if a serpent bit anyone, he would look at the bronze serpent and live.

The Song of the Well

10 And the people of Israel set out and k camped in Oboth. 11 k And they set out from Oboth and k camped at Iye-abarim, in the wilderness that is opposite Moab, toward the sunrise. 12 From there they set out and camped in l the Valley of Zered. 13 From there they set out and camped on the other side of the Arnon, which is in the wilderness that extends from the border of the Amorites, for the m Arnon is the border of Moab, between Moab and the Amorites.

14 Therefore it is said in the Book of the Wars of the Lord,
"Waheb in Suphah, and the valleys of the Arnon,
15 and the slope of the valleys
that extends to the seat of n Ar,
and leans to the border of Moab."

16 And from there they continued o to Beer; 4 that is the well of which the Lord said to Moses, "Gather the people together, so that p I may give them water."

17 Then Israel sang this song:
"Spring up, O well! - Sing to it! -

18 the well that the princes made,
that the nobles of the people dug,
with q the scepter and with their staffs."
And from the wilderness they went on to Mattanah,
19 and from Mattanah to Nahaliel, and from Nahaliel to Bamoth, 20 and from Bamoth to the valley lying in the region of Moab by the top of Pisgah r that looks down on the desert. 5

King Sihon Defeated

21 Then s Israel sent messengers to Sihon king of the Amorites, saying, 22 t "Let me pass through your land. We will not turn aside into field or vineyard. We will not drink the water of a well. We will go by the King's Highway until we have passed through your territory." 23 u But Sihon would not allow Israel to pass through his territory. He gathered all his people together and went out against Israel to the wilderness and v came to Jahaz and fought against Israel. 24 w And Israel defeated him with the edge of the sword and took possession of his land from the Arnon to the x Jabbok, as far as to the Ammonites, for the border of the Ammonites was strong. 25 And Israel took all these cities, and Israel settled in all the cities of the Amorites, in Heshbon, and in all its villages. 26 For Heshbon was the city of Sihon the king of the Amorites, who had fought against the former king of Moab and taken all his land out of his hand, as far as the Arnon.

27 Therefore the y ballad singers say,
"Come to z Heshbon, let it be built;
let the city of Sihon be established.
28 For a fire came out from z Heshbon,
flame from the city of Sihon.
It devoured n Ar of Moab,
and swallowed 6 the heights of the Arnon.
29 a Woe to you, O Moab!
You are undone, O people of b Chemosh!
He has made his sons fugitives,
and his daughters captives,
to an Amorite king, Sihon.
30 So we overthrew them;
Heshbon, as far as c Dibon, perished;
and we laid waste as far as Nophah;
fire spread as far as d Medeba." 7

King Og Defeated

31 Thus Israel lived in the land of the Amorites. 32 And Moses sent to spy out e Jazer, and they captured its villages and dispossessed the Amorites who were there. 33 Then they turned and went up by the way to Bashan. And Og the king of Bashan came out against them, he and all his people, to battle f at Edrei. 34 g But the Lord said to Moses, "Do not fear him, for I have given him into your hand, and all his people, and his land. And h you shall do to him as you did to Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived at Heshbon." 35 So they defeated him and his sons and all his people, until he had no survivor left. And they possessed his land.

  1. Cross References
    Numbers 33:40
    And the Canaanite, the king of Arad, who lived in the Negeb in the land of Canaan, heard of the coming of the people of Israel.
    Judges 1:16
    And the descendants of the Kenite, Moses' father-in-law, went up with the people of Judah from the city of palms into the wilderness of Judah, which lies in the Negeb near Arad, and they went and settled with the people.
  2. Cross References
    Numbers 13:17
    Moses sent them to spy out the land of Canaan and said to them, "Go up into the Negeb and go up into the hill country.
  3. Cross References
    Genesis 28:20
    Then Jacob made a vow, saying, "If God will be with me and will keep me in this way that I go, and will give me bread to eat and clothing to wear.
    Judges 11:30
    And Jephthah made a vow to the Lord and said, "If you will give the Ammonites into my hand.
  4. Cross References
    Numbers 14:45
    Then the Amalekites and the Canaanites who lived in that hill country came down and defeated them and pursued them, even to Hormah.
    Deuteronomy 1:44
    Then the Amorites who lived in that hill country came out against you and chased you as bees do and beat you down in Seir as far as Hormah.
    Joshua 19:4
    Eltolad, Bethul, Hormah.
    Judges 1:17
    And Judah went with Simeon his brother, and they defeated the Canaanites who inhabited Zephath and devoted it to destruction. So the name of the city was called Hormah.
  5. Cross References
    Numbers 20:22
    And they journeyed from Kadesh, and the people of Israel, the whole congregation, came to Mount Hor.
    Numbers 33:41
    And they set out from Mount Hor and camped at Zalmonah.
  6. Cross References
    Judges 11:18
    Then they journeyed through the wilderness and went around the land of Edom and the land of Moab and arrived on the east side of the land of Moab and camped on the other side of the Arnon. But they did not enter the territory of Moab, for the Arnon was the boundary of Moab.
  7. Cross References
    Psalms 78:19
    They spoke against God, saying, "Can God spread a table in the wilderness?
  8. Cross References
    Exodus 16:3
    And the people of Israel said to them, "Would that we had died by the hand of the Lord in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the meat pots and ate bread to the full, for you have brought us out into this wilderness to kill this whole assembly with hunger.
    Exodus 17:3
    But the people thirsted there for water, and the people grumbled against Moses and said, "Why did you bring us up out of Egypt, to kill us and our children and our livestock with thirst?
  9. Cross References
    Numbers 11:6
    But now our strength is dried up, and there is nothing at all but this manna to look at.
  10. Cross References
    Deuteronomy 8:15
    Who led you through the great and terrifying wilderness, with its fiery serpents and scorpions and thirsty ground where there was no water, who brought you water out of the flinty rock.
    1 Corinthians 10:9
    We must not put Christ to the test, as some of them did and were destroyed by serpents.
    Isaiah 14:29
    Rejoice not, O Philistia, all of you, that the rod that struck you is broken, for from the serpent's root will come forth an adder, and its fruit will be a flying fiery serpent.
    Isaiah 30:6
    An oracle on the beasts of the Negeb. Through a land of trouble and anguish, from where come the lioness and the lion, the adder and the flying fiery serpent, they carry their riches on the backs of donkeys, and their treasures on the humps of camels, to a people that cannot profit them.
  11. Cross References
    Jeremiah 8:17
    For behold, I am sending among you serpents, adders that cannot be charmed, and they shall bite you," declares the Lord.
  12. Cross References
    Psalms 78:34
    When he killed them, they sought him; they repented and sought God earnestly.
    Numbers 11:2
    Then the people cried out to Moses, and Moses prayed to the Lord, and the fire died down.
  13. Cross References
    Exodus 8:8
    Then Pharaoh called Moses and Aaron and said, "Plead with the Lord to take away the frogs from me and from my people, and I will let the people go to sacrifice to the Lord.
    Exodus 8:28
    So Pharaoh said, "I will let you go to sacrifice to the Lord your God in the wilderness; only you must not go very far away. Plead for me.
    1 Samuel 12:19
    And all the people said to Samuel, "Pray for your servants to the Lord your God, that we may not die, for we have added to all our sins this evil, to ask for ourselves a king.
    1 Kings 13:6
    And the king said to the man of God, "Entreat now the favor of the Lord your God, and pray for me, that my hand may be restored to me." And the man of God entreated the Lord, and the king's hand was restored to him and became as it was before.
    Acts 8:24
    And Simon answered, "Pray for me to the Lord, that nothing of what you have said may come upon me.
  14. Cross References
    John 3:14 - 15
    And as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, so must the Son of Man be lifted up.
    2 Kings 18:4
    He removed the high places and broke the pillars and cut down the Asherah. And he broke in pieces the bronze serpent that Moses had made, for until those days the people of Israel had made offerings to it (it was called Nehushtan).
  15. Cross References
    Numbers 33:43 - 44
    And they set out from Punon and camped at Oboth.
  16. Cross References
    Numbers 21:10
    And the people of Israel set out and camped in Oboth.
  17. Cross References
    Numbers 21:10
    And the people of Israel set out and camped in Oboth.
  18. Cross References
    Deuteronomy 2:13
    Now rise up and go over the brook Zered.' So we went over the brook Zered.
  19. Cross References
    Numbers 22:36
    When Balak heard that Balaam had come, he went out to meet him at the city of Moab, on the border formed by the Arnon, at the extremity of the border.
    Judges 11:18
    Then they journeyed through the wilderness and went around the land of Edom and the land of Moab and arrived on the east side of the land of Moab and camped on the other side of the Arnon. But they did not enter the territory of Moab, for the Arnon was the boundary of Moab.
  20. Cross References
    Numbers 21:28
    For fire came out from Heshbon, flame from the city of Sihon. It devoured Ar of Moab, and swallowed the heights of the Arnon.
    Deuteronomy 2:9
    And the Lord said to me, 'Do not harass Moab or contend with them in battle, for I will not give you any of their land for a possession, because I have given Ar to the people of Lot for a possession.
    Deuteronomy 2:18
    Today you are to cross the border of Moab at Ar.
    Deuteronomy 2:29
    As the sons of Esau who live in Seir and the Moabites who live in Ar did for me, until I go over the Jordan into the land that the Lord our God is giving to us.
    Isaiah 15:1
    An oracle concerning Moab. Because Ar of Moab is laid waste in a night, Moab is undone; because Kir of Moab is laid waste in a night, Moab is undone.
  21. Cross References
    2 Samuel 20:14
    And Sheba passed through all the tribes of Israel to Abel of Beth-maacah, and all the Bichrites assembled and followed him in.
  22. Cross References
    Numbers 20:8
    "Take the staff, and assemble the congregation, you and Aaron your brother, and tell the rock before their eyes to yield its water. So you shall bring water out of the rock for them and give drink to the congregation and their cattle."
    Exodus 17:6
    Behold, I will stand before you there on the rock at Horeb, and you shall strike the rock, and water shall come out of it, and the people will drink." And Moses did so, in the sight of the elders of Israel.
  23. Cross References
    Genesis 49:10
    The scepter shall not depart from Judah, nor the ruler's staff from between his feet, until tribute comes to him; and to him shall be the obedience of the peoples.
  24. Cross References
    Numbers 23:28
    So Balak took Balaam to the top of Peor, which overlooks the desert.
  25. Cross References
    Deuteronomy 2:26 - 27
    So I sent messengers from the wilderness of Kedemoth to Sihon the king of Heshbon, with words of peace, saying.
    Judges 11:19
    Israel then sent messengers to Sihon king of the Amorites, king of Heshbon, and Israel said to him, 'Please let us pass through your land to our country.
  26. Cross References
    Numbers 20:17
    Please let us pass through your land. We will not pass through field or vineyard, or drink water from a well. We will go along the King's Highway. We will not turn aside to the right hand or to the left until we have passed through your territory.
  27. Cross References
    Deuteronomy 29:7
    And when you came to this place, Sihon the king of Heshbon and Og the king of Bashan came out against us to battle, but we defeated them.
  28. Cross References
    Deuteronomy 2:32
    Then Sihon came out against us, he and all his people, to battle at Jahaz.
    Judges 11:20
    But Sihon did not trust Israel to pass through his territory, so Sihon gathered all his people together and encamped at Jahaz and fought with Israel.
  29. Cross References
    Deuteronomy 2:33
    And the Lord our God gave him over to us, and w...
    Joshua 12:1 - 2
    Now these are the kings of the land whom the pe...
    Joshua 24:8
    Then I brought you to the land of the Amorites,...
    Nehemiah 9:22
    And you gave them kingdoms and peoples and allo...
    Psalms 135:11
    Sihon, king of the Amorites, and Og, king of Ba...
    Psalms 136:19 - 20
    Sihon, king of the Amorites, for his steadfast ...
    Amos 2:9
    Yet it was I who destroyed the Amorite before t...
  30. Cross References
    Genesis 32:22
    The same night he arose and took his two wives, his two female servants, and his eleven children, and crossed the ford of the Jabbok.
  31. Cross References
    Numbers 23:7
    And Balaam took up his discourse and said, "From Aram Balak has brought me, the king of Moab from the eastern mountains: 'Come, curse Jacob for me, and come, denounce Israel!
  32. Cross References
    Numbers 32:37
    And the people of Reuben built Heshbon, Elealeh, Kiriathaim.
  33. Cross References
    Jeremiah 48:45 - 46
    In the shadow of Heshbon fugitives stop without strength, for fire came out from Heshbon, flame from the house of Sihon; it has destroyed the forehead of Moab, the crown of the sons of tumult.
  34. Cross References
    Numbers 21:27
    Therefore the ballad singers say, "Come to Heshbon, let it be built; let the city of Sihon be established.
  35. Cross References
    Numbers 21:15
    And the slope of the valleys that extends to the seat of Ar, and leans to the border of Moab.
  36. Cross References
    Numbers 21:28
    For fire came out from Heshbon, flame from the city of Sihon. It devoured Ar of Moab, and swallowed the heights of the Arnon.
  37. Cross References
    Judges 11:24
    Will you not possess what Chemosh your god gives you to possess? And all that the Lord our God has dispossessed before us, we will possess.
    1 Kings 11:7
    Then Solomon built a high place for Chemosh the abomination of Moab, and for Molech the abomination of the Ammonites, on the mountain east of Jerusalem.
    2 Kings 23:13
    And the king defiled the high places that were east of Jerusalem, to the south of the mount of corruption, which Solomon the king of Israel had built for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Sidonians, and for Chemosh the abomination of Moab, and for Milcom the abomination of the Ammonites.
    Jeremiah 48:7
    For, because you trusted in your works and your treasures, you also shall be taken; and Chemosh shall go into exile with his priests and his officials.
  38. Cross References
    Numbers 32:3
    Ataroth, Dibon, Jazer, Nimrah, Heshbon, Elealeh, Sebam, Nebo, and Beon.
    Joshua 13:17
    With Heshbon, and all its cities that are in the tableland; Dibon, and Bamoth-baal, and Beth-baal-meon.
    Isaiah 15:2
    He has gone up to the temple, and to Dibon, to the high places to weep; over Nebo and over Medeba Moab wails. On every head is baldness; every beard is shorn.
    Jeremiah 48:18
    Come down from your glory, and sit on the parched ground, O inhabitant of Dibon! For the destroyer of Moab has come up against you; he has destroyed your strongholds.
    Numbers 33:45 - 46
    And they set out from Iyim and camped at Dibon-gad.
  39. Cross References
    1 Chronicles 19:7
    They hired 32,000 chariots and the king of Maacah with his army, who came and encamped before Medeba. And the Ammonites were mustered from their cities and came to battle.
    Isaiah 15:2
    He has gone up to the temple, and to Dibon, to the high places to weep; over Nebo and over Medeba Moab wails. On every head is baldness; every beard is shorn.
  40. Cross References
    Numbers 32:1
    Now the people of Reuben and the people of Gad had a very great number of livestock. And they saw the land of Jazer and the land of Gilead, and behold, the place was a place for livestock.
    Joshua 13:25
    Their territory was Jazer, and all the cities of Gilead, and half the land of the Ammonites, to Aroer, which is east of Rabbah.
    2 Samuel 24:5
    They crossed the Jordan and began from Aroer, and from the city that is in the middle of the valley, toward Gad and on to Jazer.
    Jeremiah 48:32
    More than for Jazer I weep for you, O vine of Sibmah! Your branches passed over the sea, reached to the Sea of Jazer; on your summer fruits and your grapes the destroyer has fallen.
  41. Cross References
    Deuteronomy 1:4
    After he had defeated Sihon the king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon, and Og the king of Bashan, who lived in Ashtaroth and in Edrei.
    Deuteronomy 3:1
    Then we turned and went up the way to Bashan. And Og the king of Bashan came out against us, he and all his people, to battle at Edrei.
    Joshua 13:12
    All the kingdom of Og in Bashan, who reigned in Ashtaroth and in Edrei (he alone was left of the remnant of the Rephaim); these Moses had struck and driven out.
  42. Cross References
    Deuteronomy 3:2
    But the Lord said to me, 'Do not fear him, for I have given him and all his people and his land into your hand. And you shall do to him as you did to Sihon the king of the Amorites, who lived at Heshbon.
  43. Cross References
    Numbers 21:24
    And Israel defeated him with the edge of the sword and took possession of his land from the Arnon to the Jabbok, as far as to the Ammonites, for the border of the Ammonites was strong.
English Standard Version (ESV) The Holy Bible, English Standard Version Copyright © 2001 by Crossway Bibles, a division of Good News Publishers.
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